Presents, a Life with a Plan. My name is Karen Anastasia Placek, I am the author of this Google Blog. This is the story of my journey, a quest to understanding more than myself. The title of this blog, "The Secret of the Universe is Choice!; know decision" will be the next global slogan. Placed on T-shirts, Jackets, Sweatshirts, it really doesn't matter, 'cause a picture with my slogan is worth more than a thousand words, it's worth??.......Know Conversation!!!
tuesday february 16, 2016written by smithIs there a more potent form of desolation than the one that hangs over abandoned theme parks? There’s just something about the way the physical decay entwines with the faded dreams of your youth that makes the whole vibe simultaneously sad. . . . read more at http://www.smithjournal.com.au/blogs/history/2466-the-presidential-statue-graveyard
Sunday, October 1, 2017
Attention and To whom in may concern in Tiburon, California, National Park Service or Yosemite Men!,
I know that it is not Christmas however the wonderful Stags that usually use the easement to go from Paradise Park up to Tiburon Mountain and in usual trim the neighbors overhanging ivy stuff on their path to the mountain leaped atop my kitchen roof. The clattering that I heard made me jump and I thought that a person was outside so I went to check as it was different as I have lived in Tiburon for nearly six years and not met one person to become friends with or even met a Man that would have given the scent of the lather of this post more than just a funny giggle to have today the 1st of October 2017!!
At that, I went in no big hurry and to my surprise the stag that or actually Stags that I have enjoyed for years upon years were ever so eloquently just munching on the acorn nuts or what ever those nuts are that the Oaks shed this time of year. I thought to gently say nothing and just casually go back inside as I have two skylights in the ceiling and thought a better vantage of the actual shock of the event would resonant better to my total shock of a deer standing literally just over my head. Well in that and as I went back inside I just had to break down and laugh as their he was with the most casual of protecting look as he could see me as or more easily than I could see him. He than just grazed and I made a cup of coffee believing that my simple activity would encourage his dismissal as I decidedly was just underneath him, I also turned the radio on. Low and behold, he just laid down and there you go as he ended up staying for the entire afternoon and was joined by the other stag to enjoy company of the warmth of the Sun and I guess the smell of Folgers.
Post script: I have gone to Paradise Park three different times in the past two weeks to speak to the Ranger however the cast to the mountain house just said he was not around to speak to and so I proceeded to tell them that the stags were acting a bit odd and that they seemed to acting sort of protective of me and I thought I should tell somebody. The cast said don't worry about it and laughed at me saying that stags don't do those sort of things out here, and told me that they would tell the Ranger anyway, so I did do my due diligence should anyone have wondered. KAP 10/1/2017
Loving the Ancient Alien on The Discovery Channel and yet the questions that are continually asked by the hosts are asked in-front of the camera recording the show. Should you be of interest to the answers and should you be in a fantasy about downloading the human brain to a computer than in advance of the Ancient Alien Cast & Crew encouraging another Einstein debacle where a stranger ran in and stole his brain (http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2014/04/21/the-tragic-story-of-how-einsteins-brain-was-stolen-and-wasnt-even-special/), stuck it in a pickle jar, put it in the trunk of his car and drove it around while it floated inside the pickle jar for 30 years or thereabout, you should stand in-front of the mirror.
While in-front of the mirror facing yourself, ask any question as it is known that you cannot deny yourself. As the story of being narcissistic may be known as the story of Narcissus and not the horror of what has now become a hated term of behavior by the usage of the noun's name? Perhaps the fantastic 'Star Children' show on DISH Channel 120 Friday September 29, 2017 now-showing on The Discovery Channel, channel 120, authored by the Ancient Alien staff shall compliment this simplicity as your fascination is grave stones in my life. Why? I was given those I.Q. tests and tested 'Genius' at the age of before five and in 2008 was returned to the Office to see how or perhaps which genre the genius may have decided to show itself and in the test where I.Q. is no-longer able to be quantified to anything larger than the absolute itself from the base score as a child of 131 which had been adjusted as to not shock my mother you may find that the 'Savant' I am now is a grown? Or, is it just you are fascinated with only the smalls (children) that you may manipulate to your favor of correction or use liquids of paper to prodigy the genius in the World or is it country today, September 29, 2017.
As I do not see a single person even interested in any subject that I have decidedly chosen to advance thereby bringing and helping you to understand that I am indeed a prodigy that genius-out to be a savant that is able to in-full write these words to sentence in a post on google+ for you to once again say oh. For should I be broached even as a short-subject the fact that what my mother decidedly did and fulfilled to her hearts content was to simply protect me from you so that I would not be used, simple however the truth is always true not bitter.
Therefrom, prodigy when born April 29th, 1965. I knew I was a genius at age three and stopped talking which brought my mother to her best friend and whom also just happened to be on the Board of Directors of Student League of San Francisco (I think, I was a bit young at the time and everybody is now dead). It was that Board Room that grew their friendship and that friendship developed into a caring relationship for my life: His name was Louis Martin Vuksinick, M.D. (Lou), a gifted and beloved psychiatrist and Jungian analyst. At that juncture it was Vuksinick that brought my mother to terms of understanding not condemnation for my refusal to speak as through thorough and broad, modern diagnosis of that I.Q. Test he determined my genius? No, I plainly tested and the result, genius. In such a grand and risky development the plans for my life were laid. Protecting my young life from the World at-large and their practiced abuse of geniuses; i.e. Shakespeare, Einstein and Tesla: I need not say more.
In event and in 2008 my mother returned to his Office to have his opinion tested to the depth and comprehension and thereby it becomes more personal than I will share and yet I will confirm that the diagnosis (if you will) was made by a third party and that delivered simply 'Savant'. Now from this please look up genius and after comprehending the depth of that gift return to look up what a savant is as often this simple speak that I am expressing here is quickly rounded to something that does not complete the definition of what just a savant is: Savant (noun) 1. a person of profound or extensive learning; learned scholar (http://www.dictionary.com/browse/savant).
Your attention to this is appreciated however try the mirror thing as recovering the man is more important that ever knowing just me.
Jan 5, 2011 - Come March, the FDA will decide whether tobacco companies can continue marketing menthol cigarettes. ... ban on menthols would create a large illegal trade in the cigarettes (note that the WSJ's copydesk avoided the term "black market"), and that .... 10 "McModerns" that are taking over from McMansions ...
Jun 20, 2017 - Packs of Menthol cigarettes are displayed for sale inside of SF Deli & Wine on ... the sale of flavored tobacco products will be illegal in San Francisco. ... Cohen amended the legislation to have itgo into effect in April 2018, four ...
Since admission of targeting a community with particular product in the new revolution of attempting to ban said product is that not targeting the black community too? Is not the Menthol cigarette more than just a health chapter? Is it not and has it now not become the United States saying that since whites don't smoke them as hardily as the black community that the white community will now just take the Menthol cigarette off the market and then just waltz around in front of the black community and ram the fact that the white community are the only ones that can smoke? Is that not just targeting but in addition bullying? KAP The Secret of the Universe is Choice: Know Conversation 9/28/2017, 4:16 AM
ByJIM EDWARDSMONEYWATCHJanuary 5, 2011, 3:11 PM
Why Big Tobacco Targeted Blacks With Ads for Menthol Cigarettes
Last Updated Jan 6, 2011 1:40 PM EST
Come March, the FDA will decide whether tobacco companies can continue marketing menthol cigarettes. Thousands of advertisers who have a separate ethnic marketing strategies for any product that has health implications should be watching closely. So listen up, folks with ties to food, alcohol, soda, diet supplements and pharmaceuticals: There but for the grace of the federal government go you.
Everyone knows that Lorillard (LO) has for decades targeted its Kool and Newport menthol brands at the black community, sometimes with a comic lack of subtlety, as in this ad from the 1970s (right). But Lorillard has simply done exactly what most other major advertisers have done, regardless of the product: Segment their advertising so that some (or all of it for certain brands) focuses on minorities.
Lorillard's specific problems are that its product causes cancer and menthols are more addictive than regular cigarettes. Thus its general problem is the accusation that it targeted blacks and not whites with a more dangerous product. (In fact, this isn't quite true. Menthols aren't per se more addictive than other cigarettes. They're just tastier and easier to smoke. Thus they're harder to kick and easier to go back to.)
That subtlety is likely to get lost, however, as Lorillard lobbies to keep menthols legal. The Wall Street Journal reports that the company is pushing the line in black news media that a ban on menthols would create a large illegal trade in the cigarettes (note that the WSJ's copydesk avoided the term "black market"), and that would add an unnecessary burden to local law enforcement.
In other words, Lorillard is saying that its own best customers are criminals in waiting. For a company that already faces the accusation that it's racist because it advertised more dangerous products to blacks, that seems like exactly the worst argument it could have come up with.
But let's give Lorillard the benefit of the doubt for a second and ask whether it's true that the advertising of Lorillard and other tobacco companies created demand in the black community for menthol cigarettes. This fascinating study of historic internal company documents in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Researchshows that it's a genuine chicken-and-egg issue. Early on, companies noticed a small difference in preferences between blacks and whites, and then simply altered their targeting to adjust for it. The effort was self-reinforcing:
In 1953, Philip Morris commissioned the Roper organization to conduct a general survey of Americans' smoking habits. The only menthol cigarette on the survey and the only one of any importance in the early 1950s was Kool. The Roper survey showed that only 2% of White Americans preferred the Kool brand. By contrast, the survey reported that 5% of African Americans preferred Kools (Roper, 1953). This small difference in preference was successfully parlayed by Brown & Williamson executives, and later by the tobacco industry as a whole, into the 70% vs. 30% difference that we see today between Black and White menthol smokers, respectively.
In 1974, before the introduction of lights, Black-menthol smokers, to a greater degree than their White counterparts, believed menthol cigarettes were less hazardous/irritating than other cigarettes. This may help explain why lights have not done as well among Black menthol smokers as they have among the general smoking population.
The false notion that menthols were healthier was not, in fact, created by tobacco companies. It was an unintended consequence of the FTC's regulation of tar content. In 1957, according to the N&TR study, consumers became concerned that tar was bad for them and began migrating to less tasty, low-tar filtered cigarettes (in industry parlance, the "Tar Derby"). In 1961, the Republican-administered FTC relaxed its tar regulations and consumers returned to more flavorful brands with filters. That played into Kool's hands:
Kool was one of the main beneficiaries of the ending of the Tar Derby in 1961; people could put down their nonfiltered cigarettes and pick up a filter-tipped Kool to get more taste, flavor, and strength.
Many people assumed that menthols had less tar; however, nothing could be further from the truth. Not only were Kools' tar and nicotine content comparable with the leading nonmenthol brands, but by the mid-1960s, Brown & Williamson's menthol offering contained more tar and nicotine than either of its main menthol rivals, Salem or Newport
From that point on, companies increased their marketing efforts for menthols by targeting blacks, and as black smokers responded ... well, the rest is history. (As for the original reason why the black community initially showed a slight preference for menthols, it turns out Dave Chapelle was right: nobody knows.)
Which brings us back to the original point for any company with minority targeted advertising: Your intent is irrelevant, as is the notion that you merely responded to demand. If your product has negative health effects and you're advertising it to minorities, there's really no difference between Big Tobacco and you.
The tobacco industry has a long history of going to great lengths to target the ... cigarette companies know that most African-American smokers prefer ... menthol advertising, in areas with a greater proportion of African American ... communities with large African-American populations, they also create advertising specifically ...
TOBACCO COMPANY MARKETING TO AFRICAN AMERICANS
“We don’t smoke that s_ _ _. We just sell it. We reserve the right to smoke for the
The tobacco industry has a long history of going to great lengths to target the African-American community. Decades of research affirms patterns of strategic marketing to African Americans through point-of-sale marketing, price discounts, branding, and traditional advertising venues, particularly for mentholated tobacco products and cheap little cigars and cigarillos. As a result of market research, the cigarette companies know that most African-American smokers prefer menthol cigarettes and they exploit this preference in their marketing efforts to African Americans, in general, and to African-American kids, in particular, as evidenced by internal industry documents: Philip Morris: “Marlboro would probably have a very difficult time getting anywhere in the young black market. The odds against it there are heavy. Young blacks have found their thing, and it's menthol in general and Kool in particular.”2 RJ Reynolds: “Since younger adult Blacks overwhelmingly prefer menthol cigarettes, continued emphasis on Salem within the Black market is recommended. Salem is already positioned against younger adults. With emphasis on the younger adult Black market, Salem may be able to provide an alternative to Newport and capitalize on Kool’s decline.”3 The industry’s “investment” in the African-American community has had a destructive impact: African Americans suffer the greatest burden of tobacco-related mortality of any ethnic or racial group in the United States.4 Research shows that tobacco company advertising and other marketing efforts greatly influence tobacco use initiation among youth non-smokers and is associated with increased tobacco consumption among youth who have already become regular smokers. 5 Nearly 80 percent of all smokers start before the age of 18 and, not surprisingly, the vast majority of kids smoke the three most heavily advertised brands. 6 One of these heavily advertised brands, Newport, is the cigarette brand leader among African-American youth in the United States. Nearly two-thirds of African American youth smokers prefer Newport cigarettes.7 Targeting African Americans at the Point of Sale For decades, tobacco companies have specifically targeted minority communities, particularly AfricanAmericans, with intense advertising and promotional efforts. A wealth of research indicates that African American neighborhoods have a disproportionate number of tobacco retailers, pervasive tobacco marketing, and in particular, more marketing of menthol products.8 Like many minority and low-income neighborhoods, African American neighborhoods tend to have more tobacco retailers: • Nationwide, census tracts with a greater proportion of African American residents have higher tobacco retailer density.9 • A 2010 study of Boston tobacco retailers found that tobacco retailer density near schools is higher in minority or lower-income communities.10 This is disturbing given that a higher density of such retailers near schools has been found to increase experimental smoking among high school students.11
1400 I Street NW · Suite 1200 · Washington, DC 20005
Tobacco Company Marketing to African Americans / 2
Unfortunately, some evidence indicates that stores in African American neighborhoods are also more likely to sell to youth, increasing accessibility of these products to minors: • A 2015 Washington, DC study found that illicit sales to minors were more common in retailers located closer to high schools in African American neighborhoods.12 • A 2014 California study found that stores in neighborhoods with more African Americans are less likely to request age identification.13 In addition to having more tobacco retailers, research indicates that African American communities tend to have more tobacco marketing: • A 2013 study of retail outlets in Washington, DC found that exterior advertising for little cigars and cigarillos is significantly more prevalent in African American neighborhoods.14 A 2015 study echoed these findings for exterior advertising of all tobacco products in DC.15 • A 2013 study of tobacco retail outlets in St. Louis found more tobacco advertising, including more menthol advertising, in areas with a greater proportion of African American residents.16 Another 2013 study found similar patterns in Ramsey County, Minnesota.17 • A 1998 study in Los Angeles found that compared with White neighborhood thoroughfares, African American and Hispanic neighborhoods contained greater tobacco ad density, and all minority neighborhoods contained greater tobacco ad concentration along roadsides.18 • Studies from 1990-1998 found that there were 2.6 times as many tobacco advertisements per person in areas with an African American majority compared to white-majority areas. 19 Disparities in advertising of tobacco products are particularly evident for menthol cigarette brands, which African Americans use more than any other racial or ethnic group: • The 2011 California Tobacco Advertising Survey reports that there were significantly more menthol advertisements at stores in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African-American residents and in low-income neighborhoods.20 • Another 2011 California study found that as the proportion of African-American high school students in a neighborhood rose, the proportion of menthol advertising increased, the odds of a Newport promotion were higher, and the cost of Newport cigarettes was lower.21 In addition to being heavily advertised and widely available, certain tobacco products have been found to be priced lower in African American communities, making them more appealing, particularly to pricesensitive youth: • A 2011 study of cigarette prices in retail stores across the U.S. found that Newport cigarettes are significantly less expensive in neighborhoods with higher proportions of African Americans.22 • A 2013 study of retail outlets in Washington, DC found that little cigars and cigarillos are more available and cheaper in African American neighborhoods.23 Appealing to African Americans through Branding There is compelling evidence that tobacco companies not only advertise disproportionately in communities with large African-American populations, they also create advertising specifically targeted to these communities. Cigarette ads highly prevalent in African-American communities and publications are often characterized by slogans, relevant and specific messages, or images that have a great appeal among those in the black community or depict African Americans in an appealing light.24 Contrary to how https://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/0208.pdf
Tobacco Company Marketing to African Americans / 3
blacks are typically portrayed in the media, cigarette ads portray images of African Americans who are happy, confident, successful and wealthy, in love, attractive, strong and independent.25 Targeting African Americans through Magazine Advertisements The tobacco industry is relentless in its promotion of menthol cigarettes to minorities. Expenditures for magazine advertising of mentholated cigarettes, popular with African Americans, increased from 13 percent of total ad expenditures in 1998 to 76 percent in 2006.26 During the two years after the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) in November 1998, the average annual expenditures for Newport in magazines with high youth readership increased 13.2 percent (from $5.3 to $6.0 million).27 Between 1998–2002, Ebony, a magazine tailored to the African American culture, was 9.8 times more likely than People to
contain ads for menthols.28 Targeting African Americans through Event Sponsorships Brown & Williamson used music as a way to target African Americans beginning in 1975 with the Kool Jazz Festival. In the 1980s, as part of the Kool Market Development Program, vans traveled through inner-city Houston to distribute free cigarette samples. The Kool City Jam, a free two-day concert, was also a part of this program.29
Brown & Williamson consistently used music as a way to target African Americans. In 2004, they started an ad campaign for their Kool brand cigarettes clearly aimed at youth—and African-American youth, in particular. The Kool Mixx campaign featured images of young rappers, disc jockeys and dancers on cigarette packs and in advertising. The campaign also included radio giveaways with cigarette purchases and a Hip-Hop disc jockey competition in major cities around the country. The themes, images, radio giveaways and music involved in the campaign all clearly have tremendous appeal to youth, especially AfricanAmerican youth. Simultaneously, Brown & Williamson promoted a new line of cigarette flavors like Caribbean Chill, Mocha Taboo, and Midnight Berry using images of African-Americans and themes attractive to African-American youth. These cigarettes were promoted through dance clubs and hip-hop music venues. Tobacco Industry Support of African American Organizations Industry documents reveal that as early as the 1950s, the tobacco industry has made concerted efforts to forge ties with the African American community in an effort to build a positive brand identity. Since the 1950s, Phillip Morris and Brown & Williamson have been engaged with the National Urban League, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the United Negro College Fund, and have provided funding and organizational support to a laundry list of African American organizations. 30 In addition, the tobacco
Tobacco Company Marketing to African Americans / 4
industry has supported historically African American colleges and universities as far back as the 1890s when RJ Reynolds helped to finance the founding of Winston Salem State University.31 However, industry documents reveal the companies’ true intentions in forming these relationships:
Brown & Williamson: “Clearly the sole reason for B&W’s interest in the black and Hispanic communities is the actual and potential sales of B&W products within
these communities and the profitability of these sales…this relatively
small and often tightly knit [minority] community can work to B&W’s
marketing advantage, if exploited properly.”32
Lorillard: “Tie-in with any company who help black[s] – ‘we help them, they help
us.’ Target group age 16+.”33
Impact of Tobacco Advertising on the African American Community The aggressive advertising of mentholated cigarettes by the major cigarette companies has paid off in terms of brand recognition and preference. A California study found that African American students are three times more likely to recognize the Newport brand than their peers, and students of all races who recognize the Newport brand are more likely to start smoking.34 Newport is the leading brand of cigarettes among African American youth ages 12-17 (64.3%) and young adults ages 18-25 (73.6%). 35 Preference for Camel menthol and Marlboro menthol cigarettes has increased in recent years, too, particularly among adolescents and young adults. 36 Overall, 85 percent of all African-American smokers smoke menthol cigarettes, compared to 29 percent of all Caucasian smokers.37 Seven out of ten AfricanAmerican youth smokers ages 12-17 smoke menthol cigarettes.38 In 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a report that found menthol cigarettes lead to increased smoking initiation among youth and young adults, greater addiction, and decreased success in quitting smoking. The agency concluded that, “these findings, combined with the evidence indicating that menthol’s cooling and anesthetic properties can reduce the harshness of cigarette smoke and the evidence indicating that menthol cigarettes are marketed as a smoother alternative to nonmenthol cigarettes, make it likely that menthol cigarettes pose a public health risk above that seen with nonmenthol cigarettes.”39 Consequently, while smoking rates among African Americans are lower than national levels, this ethnic group suffers disproportionately from smoking-caused chronic and preventable diseases.40 Each year, approximately 45,000 African Americans die from a smoking-caused illness. An estimated 1.6 million African Americans alive today, who are now under the age of 18, will become regular smokers; and about 500,000 of these will die prematurely from a tobacco-related disease.41
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, April 5, 2017 / Laura Bach
Related Campaign Fact Sheets
• Tobacco Use and African Americans, http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/0006.pdf • Tobacco Company Marketing to Kids, http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/0008.pdf _______________________________ 1 Giovanni, J, “Come to Cancer Country; USA; Focus,” The Times of London, August 2, 1992 [quoting Dave Goerlitz, RJ Reynolds’ lead Winston model for seven years, re what an R.J. Reynolds executive replied to him when Goerlitz asked why the executive did not smoke]. 2 The Roper Organization, Inc., A Study of Smoking Habits Among Young Smokers, Philip Morris, July 1974, Bates No. 2024921279/1313. 3 RJR, “Consumer Research Report,” May 9, 1984, Bates No. 501254820-4850, http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cit49d00. 4 HHS, “Tobacco Use Among US Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups—African Americans, American Indians and Alaskan Natives, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics: A Report of the Surgeon General,” 1998, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/1998/complete_report/pdfs/complete_report.pdf. 5 HHS, Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2012, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2012/. See also, National Cancer Institute, The Role of the Media in Promoting and Reducing Tobacco Use, Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph No. 19, NIH Pub. No. 07-6242, June 2008, http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/tcrb/monographs/19/m19_complete.pdf. Pucci, LG & Siegel, M, “Exposure to brand-specific cigarette
advertising in magazines and its impact on youth smoking,” Preventive Medicine 29(5):313-20, November 1999; Sargent, JD, et al., “Effect of
Tobacco Company Marketing to African Americans / 5
seeing tobacco use in films on trying smoking among adolescents: a cross sectional study,” British Medical Journal 323(7326):1394-7,
December 15, 2001. 6 HHS. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2014. ICPSR36361-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016- 03-22. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36361.v1. See also, HHS, “Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People: A Report of the Surgeon General,” 1994, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1994/index.htm. CDC, “Cigarette Brand Preference Among Middle and High School Students Who Are Established Smokers – United States, 2004 and 2006,” MMWR, 58(No.5); 112-115, February 13, 2009,
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5805a3.htm. 7 HHS. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2014. ICPSR36361-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016- 03-22. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36361.v1. See also, CDC, “Cigarette Brand Preference Among Middle and High School Students Who Are Established Smokers – United States, 2004 and 2006,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 58(5), February 13, 2009 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5805.pdf; Sutton, CD, “Newport: ‘Fastest Growing Cigarette in the Country,’” The Onyx Group, [updated]
January 30, 2002, http://www.onyx-group.com/Newport.htm. 8 Lee, JGL, et al., “A Systematic Review of Neighborhood Disparities in Point-of-Sale Tobacco Marketing,” American Journal of Public Health, published online ahead of print July 16, 2015. 9 Rodriguez, D, et al., “Predictors of tobacco outlet density nationwide: a geographic analysis,” Tobacco Control, published online first on April 4, 2012. See also Lee, JGL, et al., “Inequalities in tobacco outlet density by race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status, 2012, USA: results from
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